選擇題是許多考生從學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)初期就開(kāi)始接觸的題型,，與復(fù)雜多變的配對(duì)題不同，由于做題步驟簡(jiǎn)單易懂,，很多考生都會(huì)忽略選擇題的學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí),。但實(shí)際上在雅思考試中，選擇題常常出現(xiàn)在Passage 2和Passage 3的中,，難度實(shí)際比較高,，其主要難點(diǎn)并不在定位上，而在對(duì)于文章信息的理解深度考察上?，F(xiàn)在雅思考試的趨勢(shì)是選擇題題干越來(lái)越長(zhǎng),，選項(xiàng)間相似性也比較高，每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)在文中似乎都有對(duì)應(yīng)的信息點(diǎn),，所以從理解程度和閱讀速度來(lái)說(shuō)對(duì)于考生都是不小的挑戰(zhàn),。今天就從這兩點(diǎn)來(lái)深挖一下考官的出題陷阱以及應(yīng)對(duì)方式。
　　如何避免掉坑？——識(shí)別三大陷阱
　　我們先來(lái)看一道小題：
　　These conclusions are the result of extensive research carried out over the past 20 years around various countries into the effect of banning tobacco advertising. In Scotland it was found that the incidence of smoking fell by 30% in the 18-24 age group after legislation prohibiting the advertising of tobacco products in all print media was introduced. A separate piece of research in the United States of America found that when tobacco advertising was banned in 34 states, this reduced the level of smoking by 50%.
　　What were the findings of the research in Scotland:
　　A. anti-smoking legislation was more effective in the USA
　　B. advertising of tobacco products had less effect on old than on young people
　　展開(kāi)全文C. the legislation was unpopular with the print media
　　D. almost a third of young people stopped smoking after the legislation
　　這里由于題干中出現(xiàn)的Scotland直接從本段的第二句話讀起即可,，這里30%對(duì)應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)中的a third,，18-24 age group 對(duì)應(yīng)young people，答案選D即可,。但實(shí)際上很多同學(xué)會(huì)被干擾選項(xiàng)迷惑,，A選項(xiàng)將Scotland與USA進(jìn)行比較，但實(shí)際上文章中兩個(gè)國(guó)家的戒煙情況給出數(shù)據(jù)的組別是不對(duì)等的,。B選項(xiàng)old people在文中沒(méi)有明確給出,，C選項(xiàng)print media雖然在文中提到,，但并沒(méi)有提出unpopular這個(gè)特征因此也是無(wú)關(guān)選項(xiàng),。
　　從上面的例題中可以總結(jié)選擇題考試三大常見(jiàn)陷阱：
　　1. 數(shù)字動(dòng)手腳
　　2. 比較關(guān)系做文章
　　3. 指示代詞易出現(xiàn)
　　大家在解題的時(shí)候要謹(jǐn)防出現(xiàn)包含這樣特征的陷阱選項(xiàng)：
　　1）無(wú)：文中沒(méi)有提及
　　2）反：跟原文矛盾
　　3）極：詞過(guò)于極端
　　4）斥：跟原文不一致
　　5）亂：部分同義替換；主謂搭配混亂
　　如何順利上岸,？——精準(zhǔn)定位
　　雅思考試中選擇題的定位實(shí)際不是難點(diǎn),，通常題干中就已經(jīng)給出了很明顯的定位詞可以幫助我們很快的定位到自然段，但實(shí)際上閱讀整個(gè)自然段信息再去做題會(huì)非常耗時(shí),。閱讀考試爭(zhēng)分奪秒,，做題耗時(shí)過(guò)長(zhǎng)會(huì)直接影響終得分，因此具備精準(zhǔn)定位能力是十分必要的,。通常建議同學(xué)在遇到一組細(xì)節(jié)選擇題考察的時(shí)候不要一次閱讀過(guò)多題目,，因?yàn)檠潘奸喿x選擇題一般情況下是題文同序的，做完一題再找下一題即可,。精準(zhǔn)定位可以遵循下列幾個(gè)原則：
　　1. 實(shí)驗(yàn)看結(jié)果： discovery, findings, ... found that..., It seems that...
　?。▽?shí)驗(yàn)信息相關(guān)段落基本都遵循實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康摹⑴c對(duì)象,、過(guò)程,、結(jié)論這樣的順序描述，因此解題時(shí)可以快速定位到結(jié)論部分,，通常在段尾）
　　2. 例子看觀點(diǎn)： 重點(diǎn)看例子前后句
　　3. 人物觀點(diǎn)題： 直接引語(yǔ),、間接引語(yǔ)、according to等
　　請(qǐng)看劍橋11 Test2 Passage3 Neuroaesthetics中的一道選擇題
　　28. Angenlina Hawley-Dolan's fingdings indicate that people
　　A mostly favour works of art which they know well.
　　B hold fixed ideas about what makes a good work of art.
　　C are often misled by their initial expectations of a work of art.
　　D have the ability to perceive the intention behind works of art.
　　Angelina Hawley-Dolan, of Boston College, Massachusetts, responded to this debate by asking volunteers to view pairs of paintings - either the creations of famous abstract artists or the doodles of infants, chimps and elephants. They then had to judge which they preferred. A third of the paintings were given no captions, while many were labelled incorrectly -volunteers might think they were viewing a chimp's messy brushstrokes when they were actually seeing an acclaimed masterpiece. In each set of trials, volunteers generally preferred the work of renowned artists, even when they believed it was by an animal or a child. It seems that the viewer can sense the artist's vision in paintings, even if they can't explain why.
　　本題利用精準(zhǔn)定位原則可以很快將目光鎖定到后一句話,，答案為D,。
　　因此，對(duì)于此類題型我們一是要注意好時(shí)間分配,，盡可能的精準(zhǔn)定位到出題點(diǎn)的答案句,，除此之外還要利用好排除法和判斷題的解題思路，避開(kāi)迷惑選項(xiàng)的陷阱,，爭(zhēng)取又快又好的完成此類題型,。