1. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professional and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word "amateur" does carry a connotation that person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not share its values.
　　[參考譯文] 科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)業(yè)人員和業(yè)余愛(ài)好者之間劃不出涇渭分明的界線(xiàn)：因?yàn)槿魏我?guī)則都有例外。然而,，"業(yè)余"一詞的確意味著相關(guān)人員不能充分融入職業(yè)科學(xué)界,，尤其未能分享科學(xué)圈子的價(jià)值。
　　2. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United kingdom.
　　[參考譯文] 很自然,，這種趨勢(shì)會(huì)在尤以數(shù)學(xué)或?qū)嶒?yàn)室訓(xùn)練為基礎(chǔ)的自然學(xué)科領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)最為明顯,，并且可以英國(guó)的地質(zhì)學(xué)發(fā)展作例證來(lái)說(shuō)明。
　　3. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.
　　[參考譯文] 將過(guò)去一個(gè)半世紀(jì)英國(guó)地質(zhì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的出版物做一下比較,，(我們)就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅對(duì)科研的主導(dǎo)地位的強(qiáng)調(diào)不斷攀升,，而且一篇可接受的科研論文所包含的內(nèi)容的定義也有所變化。
　　4. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for a mateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century.
　　[參考譯文] 這樣一來(lái)總的結(jié)果便是業(yè)余愛(ài)好者想在專(zhuān)業(yè)地質(zhì)學(xué)期刊…卜發(fā)表文章就更難了,，而被廣泛使用的論文評(píng)審?fù)扑]制度又進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化了這一結(jié)果,，該種制度先是出現(xiàn)在19 世紀(jì)的國(guó)家級(jí)刊物上，后又在20 世紀(jì)被幾家地方級(jí)地質(zhì)學(xué)刊物所使用,。
　　5. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.
　　[參考譯文] 一個(gè)頗為相似的分化過(guò)程已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致專(zhuān)業(yè)的地質(zhì)學(xué)家走到一起組成一到兩個(gè)全國(guó)性的專(zhuān)科學(xué)術(shù)社團(tuán),，而業(yè)余地質(zhì)愛(ài)好者們傾向于要么仍留在地方社團(tuán)，要么也以另一種方式組成全國(guó)性機(jī)構(gòu),。
　　6. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low--level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head--scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.
　　[參考譯文] 遺憾地講,，這次新聞機(jī)構(gòu)可信度調(diào)查計(jì)劃結(jié)果只獲得了一些十分低層次的發(fā)現(xiàn)，比如新聞報(bào)道中的事實(shí)錯(cuò)誤,，拼寫(xiě)或語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤(和這些低層次發(fā)現(xiàn))交織在一起的還有許多令人撓頭的困惑,，譬如讀者到底想讀些什么。
　　7. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&M wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers" demands.
　　[參考譯文] 我認(rèn)為巨大的并購(gòu)浪潮背后的最重要的推動(dòng)力同時(shí)也就是促成全球化進(jìn)程的那方基石：即降低交通運(yùn)輸成本,，逐漸減少貿(mào)易投資壁壘,，以及大幅度拓展市場(chǎng)，這些都要求更大規(guī)模的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理以滿(mǎn)足消費(fèi)者需求,。
　　8. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of "juggling your life", and making the alternative move into "downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.
　　[參考譯文] 或許正像凱爾西在不堪積勞重負(fù)而公開(kāi)地辭去她在《她》雜志社的編輯 一職之后一樣,，我已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，放棄那種"為生活忙碌"的人生信條并轉(zhuǎn) 而追求比較悠閑的生活帶給你的回報(bào)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于經(jīng)濟(jì)成功和社會(huì)地位,。
　　9. If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it" 11 be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman" s notorious bad taste in ties.
　　[參考譯文] 如果你是你講話(huà)對(duì)象中的一員,，那么你就身處一種(有利)位置來(lái)了解對(duì)你們來(lái)說(shuō)都很普遍的經(jīng)歷和問(wèn)題，而且你對(duì)餐廳中難以下咽的食物或老總臭名昭彰的領(lǐng)帶品位進(jìn)行隨意評(píng)判也是合適的,。
　　10. There are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy--far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their handsaone
　　[參考譯文] 現(xiàn)在已有一些機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)能夠進(jìn)行精確到毫米以下的腦部和骨骼手術(shù)——這要比極具技巧的醫(yī)生單單用手精確得多,。