聽(tīng)力,,聽(tīng)力就是要多聽(tīng),,與“書(shū)讀百遍,其義自見(jiàn)”的道理一樣,,聽(tīng)得多了,,自然就能聽(tīng)得懂了。留學(xué)監(jiān)理網(wǎng)小編為大家整理了托福聽(tīng)力TPO中英文對(duì)照文本,,并附有原文音頻,。大家一定要先自己聽(tīng)聽(tīng),聽(tīng)不懂的再去看文本哦!
以下是托福聽(tīng)力TPO-48 Lecture 3-2中英文對(duì)照文本,。
Mutualism then is a kind of symbiosis, um, a specific type of symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit somehow.
So your book is correct. Now, I want to make it clear that, um,
the positive result from being in a mutualistic relationship doesn’t have to be equal for both organisms.
It’s not a one-to-one ratio here, is everyone with me so far
Symbiosis, general term; mutualism, a narrower or more specific kind of symbiosis.
Okay. Now, let’s take a close look at mutualistic relationships, um,
I’ll start off by describing a case of mutualism that involves a certain butterfly species found in South Africa and Australia.
It’s a good example of how dependence on a mutualistic relationship can vary.
OK, there’s this butterfly family and I’ll spare you the fancy Latin name because it is not important for our purposes here.
Uh, I’ll call them Coppers and Blues, well, because most members of this family have blue or copper colored wings.
I think this is one of the most interesting cases of mutualism,
these butterflies require the presence of ants to complete their life cycle, their interaction with ants is obligatory.
而互惠共生也是一種共生關(guān)系,,一種具體類型的共生關(guān)系,在這種關(guān)系中兩種生物在某種程度上都有所受益,。
所以你看的書(shū)也沒(méi)錯(cuò),。我要說(shuō)清楚的是,這種共生關(guān)系中產(chǎn)生的積極結(jié)果對(duì)兩種生物來(lái)說(shuō)不一定是平等的,。
不是一比一的,,大家目前都聽(tīng)懂了嗎?
共生關(guān)系是一種廣義的術(shù)語(yǔ),,而互惠共生是一個(gè)狹義的或者更具體的共生類型,。
我們來(lái)仔細(xì)看看互利關(guān)系,我從介紹一個(gè)互惠共生的案例開(kāi)始吧,,這個(gè)案例與在南非和澳大利亞發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種蝴蝶有關(guān),。
這在說(shuō)明對(duì)互利關(guān)系的依賴程度有多么不同方面是個(gè)很好的例子。
有一個(gè)族群的蝴蝶,,這個(gè)蝴蝶的拉丁語(yǔ)名字太花哨了,,我就不說(shuō)了,因?yàn)檫@對(duì)我們現(xiàn)在的目的不太重要,。
我就叫它們藍(lán)銅蝴蝶吧,,因?yàn)榇蟛糠诌@種蝴蝶都有藍(lán)色或銅色的翅膀。
我覺(jué)得這是互惠共生案例中最有趣的之一,,這些蝴蝶需要有螞蟻的參與才能完成它們的生命周期,,它們與螞蟻的互動(dòng)是強(qiáng)制性的。
重點(diǎn)單詞:
vary['vri]v. 變化,,改變,,使多樣化
benefit['benifit]n. 利益,津貼,,保險(xiǎn)金,,義賣,義演
interaction[.int'rkn]n. 相互作用,,相互影響,,互動(dòng)交流
obligatory['bligtri]adj. 強(qiáng)制性的,,義務(wù)的,必須的
butterfly['btflai]n. 蝴蝶,,蝶狀物,,蝶泳
dependence[di'pendns]n. 依賴,信賴,,上癮
species['spi:iz]n. (單復(fù)同)物種,種類
presence['prezns]n. 出席,,到場(chǎng),,存在
spare[sp]adj. 多余的,閑置的,,備用的,,簡(jiǎn)陋的
specific[spi'sifik]adj. 特殊的,明確的,,具有特效的