新托?？谡Z的特點
如前所述,新托福重要的變化莫過于加入了口語部分,，2005年3月18日，ETS在它的官方網站上刊登了一篇名為What's Better about the New TOEFL Speaking Section的報告.下面廣州朗閣小編對此報告做一個全面的解讀,。以便從ETS這一出題機構的角度說明新托?？谡Z部分的特點。
The Speaking section will consist of six tasks, two independent speaking tasks and four integrated tasks. The two independent speaking tasks require the test taker to take a position on a topic and support it based on personal experience. Of the integrated tasks, two will integrate speaking with reading and listening; another two will integrate speaking with listening only·
These integrated tasks represent both academic and campus-based social situations in which a student will use English. In their responses, test takers must integrate and synthesize the information they have listened to and read.
口語部分包括6道題:2道獨立任務題.4道綜合任務題,。2道獨立任務題要求考生就某一話題發(fā)表自己的觀點并用自己的個人經歷進行支持,。在綜 合任務題中，2道題需要考生綜合聽,、讀,、說三種能力.而另外兩道題需要考生綜合聽、說兩種能力,。這些綜合任務主要測試考生在生活和學習中運用英語的能力,。在考試中.考生需要結合所聽到 和讀到的信息答題。
The responses to the tasks will be evaluated using the speaking rubrics (scoring standards), which focus on delivery (intelligibility), language use, and topic development. Each response is rated on a scale of 0 to 4. The sum of ratings for the six responses is converted to a scaled score of 0 to 30.
評分標準包括:語音語調,、語言運用以及話題發(fā)展,。每一題的分值在0-4分之間?？偡謱⒈晦D化為0-30分之間的一個分值,。
The new TOEFL Internet-based test(TOEFL iBT) will be administered at secure test centers Internet-based delivery makes it possible to capture test takers' spoken responses digitally and forward them to ETS's online Scoring Network for evaluation. ETS will train and certify raters to score the speaking responses
托福網考將在特定的考試中心舉行?；ヂ?lián)網使得ETS有可能用數(shù)字方式記錄考生的回答并且將其傳至ETS的在線評分系統(tǒng)進行評分。經過ETS培 訓并認證的評分人會時考生的回答進行評判,。
廣州朗閣小編提示與以往的考試相比,，新托福口語具有以下幾方面的特點:
1. High Degree of Validity無與倫比的效度
A speaking test that is used to make admissions decisions must be authentic and reflect the complex speaking tasks people experience every day. The strategy that ETS developed to establish testing that follows real-life application was based on an extensive analysis of the kinds of language tasks students encounter in a university setting. The full report, TOEFL Monograph 21: The Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening Tasks important for Academic Success at the Undergraduate and Graduate Levels can be downloaded for free at /ell/research/ ETS believes a combination of independent and integrated tasks more accurately assesses the four facets of English language proficiency: reading, listening, writing and speaking. It also reflects the integrated-skills approach being used by the English-language teaching community.
作為高校錄取標準中的一部分,，新托福的口語測試貼近現(xiàn)實并反映出北美大學生在每天會話中所涉及的方方面面,。為了大限度地貼近現(xiàn)實, ETS對于美國大校園中每天發(fā)生的對話所使用的語言做了大量深入的研究并終形成了一篇名為“TOEFL Monograph 21: The Reading, Writing,Speaking, and Listening Tasks important for Academic Success at the Undergraduate and Graduate Levels“的報告?？忌梢缘卿?ell/research/下載 此報告,。ETS相信將獨立任務和綜合任務結合能準確反映出英語聽、說,、讀,、寫這四項能力;同時也反映出以培養(yǎng)學生的綜合能力為目標的教學理念 在英語教學界正得到廣泛運用。 2. Exceptional Reliability超乎尋常的信度
To be consistent and reliable, there must be scrupulous adherence by the raters to a common set of standards for all test takers. Some major tests re-train and re-certify their raters only once a year or so, and often the raters are from the same country as the test taker, which can result in their being too lenient on scoring. With the TOEFL iBT Speaking section, a different rater reviews each of the six total tasks, resulting in exceptional scoring reliability. In addition, ETS raters must calibrate each time they begin rating, and they must re-calibrate after taking breaks. Raters are evaluated throughout the day to make sure they are rating accurately, and if they are not on target they must retrain and recalibrate before continuing. This rigorous monitoring ensures quality control and consistency in applying the scoring standards. For the new test, all this will take place on the online Scoring Network. Raters from around the world will apply the same standards and will be evaluated regularly for accuracy.
新托?？荚囍?，評分人必須嚴格遵循一系列的評分標準,，并將其用于每一名考生。廣州朗閣小編提示:有些考試只是一年一度地時其評分人重新培訓和重新認證. 而通常評分人與考生都來自于同一個國家,，這使得這些評分人在評判時有失公平,。
如前所述,新托福重要的變化莫過于加入了口語部分,，2005年3月18日，ETS在它的官方網站上刊登了一篇名為What's Better about the New TOEFL Speaking Section的報告.下面廣州朗閣小編對此報告做一個全面的解讀,。以便從ETS這一出題機構的角度說明新托?？谡Z部分的特點。
The Speaking section will consist of six tasks, two independent speaking tasks and four integrated tasks. The two independent speaking tasks require the test taker to take a position on a topic and support it based on personal experience. Of the integrated tasks, two will integrate speaking with reading and listening; another two will integrate speaking with listening only·
These integrated tasks represent both academic and campus-based social situations in which a student will use English. In their responses, test takers must integrate and synthesize the information they have listened to and read.
口語部分包括6道題:2道獨立任務題.4道綜合任務題,。2道獨立任務題要求考生就某一話題發(fā)表自己的觀點并用自己的個人經歷進行支持,。在綜 合任務題中，2道題需要考生綜合聽,、讀,、說三種能力.而另外兩道題需要考生綜合聽、說兩種能力,。這些綜合任務主要測試考生在生活和學習中運用英語的能力,。在考試中.考生需要結合所聽到 和讀到的信息答題。
The responses to the tasks will be evaluated using the speaking rubrics (scoring standards), which focus on delivery (intelligibility), language use, and topic development. Each response is rated on a scale of 0 to 4. The sum of ratings for the six responses is converted to a scaled score of 0 to 30.
評分標準包括:語音語調,、語言運用以及話題發(fā)展,。每一題的分值在0-4分之間?？偡謱⒈晦D化為0-30分之間的一個分值,。
The new TOEFL Internet-based test(TOEFL iBT) will be administered at secure test centers Internet-based delivery makes it possible to capture test takers' spoken responses digitally and forward them to ETS's online Scoring Network for evaluation. ETS will train and certify raters to score the speaking responses
托福網考將在特定的考試中心舉行?；ヂ?lián)網使得ETS有可能用數(shù)字方式記錄考生的回答并且將其傳至ETS的在線評分系統(tǒng)進行評分。經過ETS培 訓并認證的評分人會時考生的回答進行評判,。
廣州朗閣小編提示與以往的考試相比,，新托福口語具有以下幾方面的特點:
1. High Degree of Validity無與倫比的效度
A speaking test that is used to make admissions decisions must be authentic and reflect the complex speaking tasks people experience every day. The strategy that ETS developed to establish testing that follows real-life application was based on an extensive analysis of the kinds of language tasks students encounter in a university setting. The full report, TOEFL Monograph 21: The Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening Tasks important for Academic Success at the Undergraduate and Graduate Levels can be downloaded for free at /ell/research/ ETS believes a combination of independent and integrated tasks more accurately assesses the four facets of English language proficiency: reading, listening, writing and speaking. It also reflects the integrated-skills approach being used by the English-language teaching community.
作為高校錄取標準中的一部分,，新托福的口語測試貼近現(xiàn)實并反映出北美大學生在每天會話中所涉及的方方面面,。為了大限度地貼近現(xiàn)實, ETS對于美國大校園中每天發(fā)生的對話所使用的語言做了大量深入的研究并終形成了一篇名為“TOEFL Monograph 21: The Reading, Writing,Speaking, and Listening Tasks important for Academic Success at the Undergraduate and Graduate Levels“的報告?？忌梢缘卿?ell/research/下載 此報告,。ETS相信將獨立任務和綜合任務結合能準確反映出英語聽、說,、讀,、寫這四項能力;同時也反映出以培養(yǎng)學生的綜合能力為目標的教學理念 在英語教學界正得到廣泛運用。 2. Exceptional Reliability超乎尋常的信度
To be consistent and reliable, there must be scrupulous adherence by the raters to a common set of standards for all test takers. Some major tests re-train and re-certify their raters only once a year or so, and often the raters are from the same country as the test taker, which can result in their being too lenient on scoring. With the TOEFL iBT Speaking section, a different rater reviews each of the six total tasks, resulting in exceptional scoring reliability. In addition, ETS raters must calibrate each time they begin rating, and they must re-calibrate after taking breaks. Raters are evaluated throughout the day to make sure they are rating accurately, and if they are not on target they must retrain and recalibrate before continuing. This rigorous monitoring ensures quality control and consistency in applying the scoring standards. For the new test, all this will take place on the online Scoring Network. Raters from around the world will apply the same standards and will be evaluated regularly for accuracy.
新托?？荚囍?，評分人必須嚴格遵循一系列的評分標準,，并將其用于每一名考生。廣州朗閣小編提示:有些考試只是一年一度地時其評分人重新培訓和重新認證. 而通常評分人與考生都來自于同一個國家,，這使得這些評分人在評判時有失公平,。