英語修辭與寫作——比喻
漢普森英語學(xué)校給考生整理了英語寫作中幾種比喻修辭的用法,，供大家參考:
(一)明喻(Simile)
明喻是根據(jù)人們的聯(lián)想,，利用不同事物之間的相似點，借助比喻詞(如like,as,，等)起連接作用,，清楚地說明甲事物(本體)在某方面像乙事物（喻體)。 例句A; Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: those who are witho“一want to get in, andthose within want to get out.婚姻像一座圍城:外面的人想進(jìn)去,，里邊的人想出來,。(like型)例句B: My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist's scales, aspenetrating as a scalpel.我的頭腦像發(fā)電機那樣強大有力，像藥劑師的天平那樣準(zhǔn)確,，像外科醫(yī)師的手術(shù)刀那樣鋒利,。( as型) 例句C: He woke them both up getting to bed, but when they tried to wake him upafterwards they might have tried to wake the dead他去睡覺的時候把他們兩個都弄醒，但是后來他們設(shè)法喚醒他時,，簡直就像喚死人一樣,。（虛擬型)例句。;Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.閱讀之于思想.猶如鍛煉之于身體,。)( what型) 例句E: A home without love is no more than a body without a soul.沒有愛的家無異于一其沒有靈魂的軀體,。(than型) 例句F: Words and feathers are tossed by the wind.言語如羽毛.風(fēng)刮到處飄。(and型)
(二)隱喻或暗喻(metaphor)
漢普森英語學(xué)校小編提醒大家暗喻無需借助比喻詞,，而直接將甲事物當(dāng)作乙事物來描寫,。在表達(dá)上可以是一個單詞、一個詞組或一個句子,，甚至是一個段落,。 例句A:Money is a bottomless sea, in which honour, conscience, and truth may be drowned金錢是無底的海洋，榮譽,、良心和真理都可以淹沒在其中,。(名詞型)例句B: The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it.那男孩一抓到食物便狼吞虎咽般地吃了下去。(動詞型) 例句C: The mountainous waves swallowed up the ship.山一般的巨浪吞沒了那艘航船,、(形容詞型) 例句D: A policeman waved me out of the snake of traffic and flagged me to stop.一個整警察招手讓我從長蛇般的車流中出來,，并示意我停車,。( of短語型）
(三)引喻(Allusion)
漢普森英語學(xué)校小編認(rèn)為引喻是指人們在口頭或書面表達(dá)時引用出自神話、童話,、傳說,、寓言、民俗,、宗教及文學(xué)名著等帶典故性的詞語,，并使之與敘述或論說融為一體，借隱喻以增強說服力和感染力,。 例句A: Their new constitution was a fig leaf to conceal their betrayal of the masses.他們的新憲法是一塊遮羞布,，用以掩蓋他們時民眾的背叛。（該典故出于《圣經(jīng)·創(chuàng)世紀(jì)》:亞當(dāng)與夏娃偷食禁果后心明眼亮,，發(fā)覺自己赤身裸體,。便以無花果樹葉遮羞。)例句B; The candidate met his Waterloo in the national elections.該候選人在全國大選中透到慘敗,。 (Waterloo指比利時城鎮(zhèn)滑鐵盧,，1815年拿破侖率軍在此與英國惠靈頓將軍的軍隊交戰(zhàn)，遭到慘敗,。)
漢普森英語學(xué)校給考生整理了英語寫作中幾種比喻修辭的用法,，供大家參考:
(一)明喻(Simile)
明喻是根據(jù)人們的聯(lián)想,，利用不同事物之間的相似點，借助比喻詞(如like,as,，等)起連接作用,，清楚地說明甲事物(本體)在某方面像乙事物（喻體)。 例句A; Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: those who are witho“一want to get in, andthose within want to get out.婚姻像一座圍城:外面的人想進(jìn)去,，里邊的人想出來,。(like型)例句B: My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist's scales, aspenetrating as a scalpel.我的頭腦像發(fā)電機那樣強大有力，像藥劑師的天平那樣準(zhǔn)確,，像外科醫(yī)師的手術(shù)刀那樣鋒利,。( as型) 例句C: He woke them both up getting to bed, but when they tried to wake him upafterwards they might have tried to wake the dead他去睡覺的時候把他們兩個都弄醒，但是后來他們設(shè)法喚醒他時,，簡直就像喚死人一樣,。（虛擬型)例句。;Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.閱讀之于思想.猶如鍛煉之于身體,。)( what型) 例句E: A home without love is no more than a body without a soul.沒有愛的家無異于一其沒有靈魂的軀體,。(than型) 例句F: Words and feathers are tossed by the wind.言語如羽毛.風(fēng)刮到處飄。(and型)
(二)隱喻或暗喻(metaphor)
漢普森英語學(xué)校小編提醒大家暗喻無需借助比喻詞,，而直接將甲事物當(dāng)作乙事物來描寫,。在表達(dá)上可以是一個單詞、一個詞組或一個句子,，甚至是一個段落,。 例句A:Money is a bottomless sea, in which honour, conscience, and truth may be drowned金錢是無底的海洋，榮譽,、良心和真理都可以淹沒在其中,。(名詞型)例句B: The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it.那男孩一抓到食物便狼吞虎咽般地吃了下去。(動詞型) 例句C: The mountainous waves swallowed up the ship.山一般的巨浪吞沒了那艘航船,、(形容詞型) 例句D: A policeman waved me out of the snake of traffic and flagged me to stop.一個整警察招手讓我從長蛇般的車流中出來,，并示意我停車,。( of短語型）
(三)引喻(Allusion)
漢普森英語學(xué)校小編認(rèn)為引喻是指人們在口頭或書面表達(dá)時引用出自神話、童話,、傳說,、寓言、民俗,、宗教及文學(xué)名著等帶典故性的詞語,，并使之與敘述或論說融為一體，借隱喻以增強說服力和感染力,。 例句A: Their new constitution was a fig leaf to conceal their betrayal of the masses.他們的新憲法是一塊遮羞布,，用以掩蓋他們時民眾的背叛。（該典故出于《圣經(jīng)·創(chuàng)世紀(jì)》:亞當(dāng)與夏娃偷食禁果后心明眼亮,，發(fā)覺自己赤身裸體,。便以無花果樹葉遮羞。)例句B; The candidate met his Waterloo in the national elections.該候選人在全國大選中透到慘敗,。 (Waterloo指比利時城鎮(zhèn)滑鐵盧,，1815年拿破侖率軍在此與英國惠靈頓將軍的軍隊交戰(zhàn)，遭到慘敗,。)