2015雅思作文評分標準,,雅思寫作是有規(guī)律可循的,,只有遵循一定的原則和標準,,才能獲得好的成績。下面就2015雅思作文評分標準作一個分析,供考生參考,。
評分標準: TF:Task Fulfillment任務(wù)完成情況重點考查:內(nèi)容,、觀點和結(jié)構(gòu) CC: Coherence and Cohesion連貫與銜接重點考查:文章的組織、細節(jié)展開和流暢 VSS: Vocabulary and Sentence Structure 詞匯和句子結(jié)構(gòu)
重點考查:遣詞造句,,簡單講就是以下四點,。 1.任務(wù)完成情況 任務(wù)完成情況主要包括三個方面:內(nèi)容(content)是否切題,立場(position)是否鮮明并得到有效闡釋,,結(jié)構(gòu)(structure)是否有邏輯性,。
2.連貫與銜接 雅思文章的連貫性主要體現(xiàn)在段落與段落之間,句子與句子之間,。
段落之間的“起”,、“承”、“轉(zhuǎn)”,、“合”可以通過表示順序的過渡詞語完成,。譬如:
表示開始:first of all, in the first place, at the very beginning, to begin with, currently, at present, for one thing等。
表示承接:besides, furthermore, in addition, moreover, what's more, meanwhile, apart from, as well as, similarly, in the same way等,。
表示轉(zhuǎn)折:however, whereas, while, on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand等,。
表示結(jié)論:in conclusion, in brief, in short, to sum up, ultimately, overall等。
句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系也要通過一些邏輯連接詞語來完成,。譬如:
表示原因:because (of ),, accordingly, due to, owing to, for this reason, since, as a result, as a consequence等。
表達觀點:in my opinion, personally, from my viewpoint, it seems to me, it is clear to me that, as far as I am concerned等,。
舉例說明:for example, for instance, as follows, such as, that is to say, namely, just as, in particular等,。
表示讓步:although, in spite of, despite, despite the fact that, regardless of等。
3.詞匯資源 詞匯的多少并不能決定文章的好壞,,但用詞的精準性是可以加分的,。一般來說,詞匯的準確表達可以通過兩個方面達到:
一是用有一定難度的詞匯,。譬如要描述一個好人,,很多考生首先想到的形容詞就是good, kind, wise, nice, clever, great, bright等詞,而這些詞往往很難得高分,,因為描述太過于抽象和簡單,,如果能用到諸如ambitious(有雄心的), tactful(機智的),,eloquent(有口才的),,charismatic(有魅力的)之類的詞就很具體生動而且有一定的難度了。
二是用近義詞避免語言重復,。語言首先要正確,,其次還要優(yōu)美,,用詞要多樣化。如“重要”一詞在文章的幾個地方出現(xiàn),,比較好用不同的詞表示:如important, significant, vital, crucial等,。
4.句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準確性和多樣性 句子的好壞主要取決于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準確性和多樣性、句子的長度和復雜性以及用語的邏輯性和正式性,。
?。?)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準確性。它涉及主謂一致,、句子的平衡性等問題,。比如:The main reason for this use of informal languages are various and complicated.這個句子不仔細看很難發(fā)現(xiàn)它有問題,因為主語太長,,使我們忽視了真正的主語其實是 the main reason,,是個單數(shù)形式,所以are應(yīng)該改為is,。再比如:In my opinion, use mobile phones to send messages is more convenient than write letters.這里有個很典型的錯誤,,很多考生在寫作的過程當中會誤把動詞或動詞短語當主語用而造成句子結(jié)構(gòu)的錯誤,而只有動詞的非謂語形式才能在句中充當主語或賓語,,因此,,此句正確的表達應(yīng)該是:In my opinion, using mobile phones to send messages is more convenient than writing letters.
(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性,。它也是考官給分的一個亮點,。好的段落應(yīng)該由不同的句式組成,而不應(yīng)該是千篇一律的句子結(jié)構(gòu),。例如:I have many hobbies. For example, I like movies, I like playing basketball and football, and I like singing and dancing.很明顯,,該句完全由“I + do”結(jié)構(gòu)組成且 like使用的頻率過高,我們不妨做如下修改:I have many hobbies. Movies, for example, are my favorite and I am also fond of playing basketball and football. Sometimes when staying with my friends, I'd prefer singing and dancing rather than any other way of amusement.
?。?)句子的長度和難度,。這點也是很多考生追求的目標,其實并不需要每個句子都寫得很長,、很復雜,,相反,如果整篇文章都是長難句,,也不恰當,,因此比較好的方法就是長短句結(jié)合。
下面介紹一種把短句變長的方法,,即善用連接詞and, but, or, yet, so等,。例如:Living off campus is exciting. Living off campus is more independent. I prefer the convenience of living on campus.不難看出,這是兩種對立的觀點,,因此我們可以將其變?yōu)?Living off campus is exciting and more independent, but I prefer the convenience of living on campus.
?。?)用語的正式性和嚴謹性,。實際上,在漢語中也有很多這樣的例子,,比如我們說:
“這里的人真多啊,!”這就是一個典型的口語化的表達方式,,而如果用“人山人海”,、“車水馬龍”,、“摩肩接踵”等詞來形容人多就是寫作的正式語言了。我們不妨看幾個非正式用語的句子: Parents have to get kids food and other stuff.此句中的 kids和 stuff就是兩個非正式用語,,如果改成: Parents have to provide children with food and other necessities.就是正式的寫作用語了,。再比如: People always say competitive sports are totally cool.此句中的 cool以及這個句式都是屬于比較口語化的,正式的表達應(yīng)該改為: It is always said that competitive sports benefit us in several important ways.
總之,,要想在雅思考試中取得好成績,,就需要按照雅思考試的評分標準去準備。而對于寫作模板,,建議考生把模板當作一種參考,,潛心研究,多加積累,,這樣才能成就自己的語言,。
評分標準: TF:Task Fulfillment任務(wù)完成情況重點考查:內(nèi)容,、觀點和結(jié)構(gòu) CC: Coherence and Cohesion連貫與銜接重點考查:文章的組織、細節(jié)展開和流暢 VSS: Vocabulary and Sentence Structure 詞匯和句子結(jié)構(gòu)
重點考查:遣詞造句,,簡單講就是以下四點,。 1.任務(wù)完成情況 任務(wù)完成情況主要包括三個方面:內(nèi)容(content)是否切題,立場(position)是否鮮明并得到有效闡釋,,結(jié)構(gòu)(structure)是否有邏輯性,。
2.連貫與銜接 雅思文章的連貫性主要體現(xiàn)在段落與段落之間,句子與句子之間,。
段落之間的“起”,、“承”、“轉(zhuǎn)”,、“合”可以通過表示順序的過渡詞語完成,。譬如:
表示開始:first of all, in the first place, at the very beginning, to begin with, currently, at present, for one thing等。
表示承接:besides, furthermore, in addition, moreover, what's more, meanwhile, apart from, as well as, similarly, in the same way等,。
表示轉(zhuǎn)折:however, whereas, while, on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand等,。
表示結(jié)論:in conclusion, in brief, in short, to sum up, ultimately, overall等。
句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系也要通過一些邏輯連接詞語來完成,。譬如:
表示原因:because (of ),, accordingly, due to, owing to, for this reason, since, as a result, as a consequence等。
表達觀點:in my opinion, personally, from my viewpoint, it seems to me, it is clear to me that, as far as I am concerned等,。
舉例說明:for example, for instance, as follows, such as, that is to say, namely, just as, in particular等,。
表示讓步:although, in spite of, despite, despite the fact that, regardless of等。
3.詞匯資源 詞匯的多少并不能決定文章的好壞,,但用詞的精準性是可以加分的,。一般來說,詞匯的準確表達可以通過兩個方面達到:
一是用有一定難度的詞匯,。譬如要描述一個好人,,很多考生首先想到的形容詞就是good, kind, wise, nice, clever, great, bright等詞,而這些詞往往很難得高分,,因為描述太過于抽象和簡單,,如果能用到諸如ambitious(有雄心的), tactful(機智的),,eloquent(有口才的),,charismatic(有魅力的)之類的詞就很具體生動而且有一定的難度了。
二是用近義詞避免語言重復,。語言首先要正確,,其次還要優(yōu)美,,用詞要多樣化。如“重要”一詞在文章的幾個地方出現(xiàn),,比較好用不同的詞表示:如important, significant, vital, crucial等,。
4.句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準確性和多樣性 句子的好壞主要取決于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準確性和多樣性、句子的長度和復雜性以及用語的邏輯性和正式性,。
?。?)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準確性。它涉及主謂一致,、句子的平衡性等問題,。比如:The main reason for this use of informal languages are various and complicated.這個句子不仔細看很難發(fā)現(xiàn)它有問題,因為主語太長,,使我們忽視了真正的主語其實是 the main reason,,是個單數(shù)形式,所以are應(yīng)該改為is,。再比如:In my opinion, use mobile phones to send messages is more convenient than write letters.這里有個很典型的錯誤,,很多考生在寫作的過程當中會誤把動詞或動詞短語當主語用而造成句子結(jié)構(gòu)的錯誤,而只有動詞的非謂語形式才能在句中充當主語或賓語,,因此,,此句正確的表達應(yīng)該是:In my opinion, using mobile phones to send messages is more convenient than writing letters.
(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性,。它也是考官給分的一個亮點,。好的段落應(yīng)該由不同的句式組成,而不應(yīng)該是千篇一律的句子結(jié)構(gòu),。例如:I have many hobbies. For example, I like movies, I like playing basketball and football, and I like singing and dancing.很明顯,,該句完全由“I + do”結(jié)構(gòu)組成且 like使用的頻率過高,我們不妨做如下修改:I have many hobbies. Movies, for example, are my favorite and I am also fond of playing basketball and football. Sometimes when staying with my friends, I'd prefer singing and dancing rather than any other way of amusement.
?。?)句子的長度和難度,。這點也是很多考生追求的目標,其實并不需要每個句子都寫得很長,、很復雜,,相反,如果整篇文章都是長難句,,也不恰當,,因此比較好的方法就是長短句結(jié)合。
下面介紹一種把短句變長的方法,,即善用連接詞and, but, or, yet, so等,。例如:Living off campus is exciting. Living off campus is more independent. I prefer the convenience of living on campus.不難看出,這是兩種對立的觀點,,因此我們可以將其變?yōu)?Living off campus is exciting and more independent, but I prefer the convenience of living on campus.
?。?)用語的正式性和嚴謹性,。實際上,在漢語中也有很多這樣的例子,,比如我們說:
“這里的人真多啊,!”這就是一個典型的口語化的表達方式,,而如果用“人山人海”,、“車水馬龍”,、“摩肩接踵”等詞來形容人多就是寫作的正式語言了。我們不妨看幾個非正式用語的句子: Parents have to get kids food and other stuff.此句中的 kids和 stuff就是兩個非正式用語,,如果改成: Parents have to provide children with food and other necessities.就是正式的寫作用語了,。再比如: People always say competitive sports are totally cool.此句中的 cool以及這個句式都是屬于比較口語化的,正式的表達應(yīng)該改為: It is always said that competitive sports benefit us in several important ways.
總之,,要想在雅思考試中取得好成績,,就需要按照雅思考試的評分標準去準備。而對于寫作模板,,建議考生把模板當作一種參考,,潛心研究,多加積累,,這樣才能成就自己的語言,。