托福閱讀的難點突破點分析: (1)詞匯增加,，更為學(xué)術(shù)。新托福文章中學(xué)科專業(yè)詞匯高頻出現(xiàn),。以一篇關(guān)于樹木分類的文章為例,，文中提到大量植物學(xué)領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)詞匯,，如:dandelions(蒲公英)，tannins(丹寧酸),，crown canopy(樹冠),，acorn(橡子),oak(橡樹)等等，每一個陌生的詞匯就如同一束刺眼的白光,，搞得考生眼前一片混沌,，頭暈眼花，不知文中所云,。所以,，從詞匯角度說，托福難于雅思,。 (2)篇幅變長,，句式豐富。新托福閱讀的寫作句型主要集中在因果句,，類比句,，對照句，比較級和舉例子等,。很多句子長度跨越4到5行,，主語謂語相距甚遠(yuǎn)，如果考生沒有扎實的語法功底,，一下子難以把握句子主干,。
[圖片0] 二、 圖式推理模式 其特點是根據(jù)文章作者寫作意圖,，通盤考慮整個文章寫作框圖架,，然后判斷出文章中某個詞或句的內(nèi)在含義，該種題型較有隱蔽性,，極難對付,。 例3:Each advance in microscopic technique has provided scientists with new perspectives on the function of living organisms and the nature of matter itself. The invention of the visible-light microscope late in the sixteenth century introduced a previously unknown realm of single-celled plants and animals. In the twentieth century, electron microscope have provided direct views of viruses and minuscule surface structures. Now another type of microscope, one that utilizes X rays rather than light or electrons, offers a different way of examining tiny details; it should extend human perception still farther into the natural world. Why does the author mention the visible-light microscope in the first paragraph? (A) To begin a discussion of sixteenth-century discoveries (B) To put the X-ray microscope in a historical perspective (C) To show how limited its uses are (D) To explain how it functioned 提示:本段文章中講了各種顯微鏡的特征，且從早期一直至現(xiàn)代的顯微鏡(X ray型),。作者這樣寫作,，目的在于將顯微鏡放在歷史角度上敘述一下。換一句話說,，作者講述了顯微鏡歷史,。而題目問“作者為什么提到可視顯微鏡”那說明解應(yīng)為（B）。（C）可能文章也講過,，但并非是作者的目的所在,。 總結(jié):本題關(guān)鍵在于解題角度與解題切入點的合理性，因此，讀者應(yīng)引起足夠注意,。 三,、 歸納推理模式 通常是原文用很具體事例，讓考生歸納出一個或幾個詞來,，對原文內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)與歸納,，下面先舉下個簡單例子。 例4:The roar of gunfire, the massed movements of uniformed men, the shrill of bugles, and drama of hand-to-hand combat have fascinated students of warfare for a century. The author implies that students of the Civil War usually concentrate on the (A) home front (B) battlefield (C) government (D) economy 提示:槍炮的隆隆聲,、軍隊的運動,、號角聲，徒手格斗的場面,，無不表明了戰(zhàn)場(battlefield),，也即體出他們之間的general與specific的關(guān)系。答案為（Ｂ） 總結(jié):該種題目有一個技巧,，就是解往往是帶有歸納,、抽象性詞匯或帶有主觀評判性詞匯。 例５:With Robert Laurent and William Zorach, direct carving enters into the story of modern sculpture in the United States. Direct carving-in which the sculptors themselves carve stone or wood with mallet and chisel-must be recognized as something more than just a in it is an aesthetic principle as well: that the medium has certain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which sculptors must bring their own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony. For example, sometimes the shape or veining in a piece of stone or wood suggests, perhaps even dictates, not only the ultimate form, but even the subject matter. What is one of the fundamental principles of direct carving? (A) A sculptor must work with talented assistants. (B) The subject of a sculpture should be derived from classical stories. (C) The material is an important element in a sculpture. (D) Designing a sculpture is a more creative activity than carving it. 提示:本段文章關(guān)鍵在于講述藝術(shù)家進行現(xiàn)代雕塑的方法與過程,。根據(jù)文章后半部分可知,，他們使用各種各樣?xùn)|西進行工作。并且把這些東西的美顯示出來,，根據(jù)這里語氣可知,。材料極為重要。所以解為（Ｃ）,。本題（Ｃ）中important極為醒目,。 四、 反向推理模式 通常ＥＴＳ方法是將原文進行反向運作,，如“Some people like flowers”可推出“Some people don’t like flowers”．這種推理關(guān)鍵在于文章中信息與解中信息反義詞,，言下之意,，考生找反義詞即可． 例６:Before the mid-1860’s, the impact of the railroads in the United States was limited, in the sense that the tracks ended at the Missouri River, approximately the center of the country. At that point the trains turned their freight, mail, and passengers over to steamboats, wagons, and stagecoaches. This meant that wagon freighting, stagecoaching, and steamboating did not come to an end when the first train appeared; rather they became supplements or feeder. What can be inferred about coaches and wagon freighters as the railroads expanded? (A) They developed competing routes. (B) Their divers refused to work for the railroads. (C) They began to specialize in transporting goods. (D) They were not used as much as before. 提示:文章中講到火車發(fā)明并進行使用,，鐵路延伸到密蘇里河，這樣馬車等就成為了火車運輸?shù)难a充,。由此可分析出火車出現(xiàn)后馬車從原來主要運輸工具變成了輔助,。因此可知本題解為（Ｄ）。 總結(jié):該種題型在近托?？荚囍休^多,，望考生掌握。 五,、 引用語推理模式 其形式:The author used the phrase “ ”to illustrate “ ”?本種題型解法可根據(jù)這個詞組的上下文,，再綜合詞組本文進行推斷，但不要從詞組表面含義推理,。 例７:By than time, three giant figures who had invented the new twentieth-century dance were dead: Sergei Diaghilev, Anna Pavlova, and Isadora Duncan. Their era ended with them, and their dance values nearly disappeared. Their colleagues Michel Fokine and Ruth St. Denis lived on in America like whales on the beach. In lines the above sentence, the author uses the phrase “l(fā)ike whales on the beach” to indicate that Fokine and St. Denis were . (A) good swimmers (B) physically large (C) out of place (D) very sick 答案:（Ｃ） 提示:詞組的表面意思是“象躺在沙灘上的鯨魚”這時你可能會聯(lián)想鯨魚沖上海灘自殺的情景,，推斷如果只到這一步,，而脫離原文的話，答題就很可能錯,，選項Ｄ正是這類干擾項,，因此，你還得結(jié)合上下文進行分析才能正確,。前文說:隨著二十世紀(jì)舞蹈的三位創(chuàng)始人的辭世,，他們時代也隨之而結(jié)束，那么他們舞伴搭檔失去了舞伴而無法施展他們的才結(jié),，像鯨魚躺在沙灘一樣,，奄奄一息。 更多精彩內(nèi)容,，請關(guān)注:深圳環(huán)球雅思培訓(xùn)學(xué)校
[圖片0] 二、 圖式推理模式 其特點是根據(jù)文章作者寫作意圖,，通盤考慮整個文章寫作框圖架,，然后判斷出文章中某個詞或句的內(nèi)在含義，該種題型較有隱蔽性,，極難對付,。 例3:Each advance in microscopic technique has provided scientists with new perspectives on the function of living organisms and the nature of matter itself. The invention of the visible-light microscope late in the sixteenth century introduced a previously unknown realm of single-celled plants and animals. In the twentieth century, electron microscope have provided direct views of viruses and minuscule surface structures. Now another type of microscope, one that utilizes X rays rather than light or electrons, offers a different way of examining tiny details; it should extend human perception still farther into the natural world. Why does the author mention the visible-light microscope in the first paragraph? (A) To begin a discussion of sixteenth-century discoveries (B) To put the X-ray microscope in a historical perspective (C) To show how limited its uses are (D) To explain how it functioned 提示:本段文章中講了各種顯微鏡的特征，且從早期一直至現(xiàn)代的顯微鏡(X ray型),。作者這樣寫作,，目的在于將顯微鏡放在歷史角度上敘述一下。換一句話說,，作者講述了顯微鏡歷史,。而題目問“作者為什么提到可視顯微鏡”那說明解應(yīng)為（B）。（C）可能文章也講過,，但并非是作者的目的所在,。 總結(jié):本題關(guān)鍵在于解題角度與解題切入點的合理性，因此，讀者應(yīng)引起足夠注意,。 三,、 歸納推理模式 通常是原文用很具體事例，讓考生歸納出一個或幾個詞來,，對原文內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)與歸納,，下面先舉下個簡單例子。 例4:The roar of gunfire, the massed movements of uniformed men, the shrill of bugles, and drama of hand-to-hand combat have fascinated students of warfare for a century. The author implies that students of the Civil War usually concentrate on the (A) home front (B) battlefield (C) government (D) economy 提示:槍炮的隆隆聲,、軍隊的運動,、號角聲，徒手格斗的場面,，無不表明了戰(zhàn)場(battlefield),，也即體出他們之間的general與specific的關(guān)系。答案為（Ｂ） 總結(jié):該種題目有一個技巧,，就是解往往是帶有歸納,、抽象性詞匯或帶有主觀評判性詞匯。 例５:With Robert Laurent and William Zorach, direct carving enters into the story of modern sculpture in the United States. Direct carving-in which the sculptors themselves carve stone or wood with mallet and chisel-must be recognized as something more than just a in it is an aesthetic principle as well: that the medium has certain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which sculptors must bring their own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony. For example, sometimes the shape or veining in a piece of stone or wood suggests, perhaps even dictates, not only the ultimate form, but even the subject matter. What is one of the fundamental principles of direct carving? (A) A sculptor must work with talented assistants. (B) The subject of a sculpture should be derived from classical stories. (C) The material is an important element in a sculpture. (D) Designing a sculpture is a more creative activity than carving it. 提示:本段文章關(guān)鍵在于講述藝術(shù)家進行現(xiàn)代雕塑的方法與過程,。根據(jù)文章后半部分可知,，他們使用各種各樣?xùn)|西進行工作。并且把這些東西的美顯示出來,，根據(jù)這里語氣可知,。材料極為重要。所以解為（Ｃ）,。本題（Ｃ）中important極為醒目,。 四、 反向推理模式 通常ＥＴＳ方法是將原文進行反向運作,，如“Some people like flowers”可推出“Some people don’t like flowers”．這種推理關(guān)鍵在于文章中信息與解中信息反義詞,，言下之意,，考生找反義詞即可． 例６:Before the mid-1860’s, the impact of the railroads in the United States was limited, in the sense that the tracks ended at the Missouri River, approximately the center of the country. At that point the trains turned their freight, mail, and passengers over to steamboats, wagons, and stagecoaches. This meant that wagon freighting, stagecoaching, and steamboating did not come to an end when the first train appeared; rather they became supplements or feeder. What can be inferred about coaches and wagon freighters as the railroads expanded? (A) They developed competing routes. (B) Their divers refused to work for the railroads. (C) They began to specialize in transporting goods. (D) They were not used as much as before. 提示:文章中講到火車發(fā)明并進行使用,，鐵路延伸到密蘇里河，這樣馬車等就成為了火車運輸?shù)难a充,。由此可分析出火車出現(xiàn)后馬車從原來主要運輸工具變成了輔助,。因此可知本題解為（Ｄ）。 總結(jié):該種題型在近托?？荚囍休^多,，望考生掌握。 五,、 引用語推理模式 其形式:The author used the phrase “ ”to illustrate “ ”?本種題型解法可根據(jù)這個詞組的上下文,，再綜合詞組本文進行推斷，但不要從詞組表面含義推理,。 例７:By than time, three giant figures who had invented the new twentieth-century dance were dead: Sergei Diaghilev, Anna Pavlova, and Isadora Duncan. Their era ended with them, and their dance values nearly disappeared. Their colleagues Michel Fokine and Ruth St. Denis lived on in America like whales on the beach. In lines the above sentence, the author uses the phrase “l(fā)ike whales on the beach” to indicate that Fokine and St. Denis were . (A) good swimmers (B) physically large (C) out of place (D) very sick 答案:（Ｃ） 提示:詞組的表面意思是“象躺在沙灘上的鯨魚”這時你可能會聯(lián)想鯨魚沖上海灘自殺的情景,，推斷如果只到這一步,，而脫離原文的話，答題就很可能錯,，選項Ｄ正是這類干擾項,，因此，你還得結(jié)合上下文進行分析才能正確,。前文說:隨著二十世紀(jì)舞蹈的三位創(chuàng)始人的辭世,，他們時代也隨之而結(jié)束，那么他們舞伴搭檔失去了舞伴而無法施展他們的才結(jié),，像鯨魚躺在沙灘一樣,，奄奄一息。 更多精彩內(nèi)容,，請關(guān)注:深圳環(huán)球雅思培訓(xùn)學(xué)校