考研英語之小身材大作用的‘it’ 助你備考成功的,，考研 it’是英語中常用的詞匯之一，大多數(shù)人一看到它先想到的是“代詞”這個概念,，而且通常是指示代詞,、人稱代詞和非人稱代詞，例如：‘My friend bought me a hat and I love it!’‘-Who’s there? -It’s me.’和‘It’s raining outside.’,，在這三個句子里‘it’分別指代了‘hat’,，人和天氣，這些都是‘it’在詞匯方面的作用,。
　　除了詞匯方面，‘it’在語法中也有很重要的地位,，日常常用的句型中就經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)它,，例如：‘It is important for you to have classes on time.’或者‘It’s too late for you to participate the meeting.’等等。實際上,，‘it’在語法中的重要作用之一主要體現(xiàn)在它可以代替過長的主語或賓語在句子中充當(dāng)形式主語或形式賓語,，它還可以出現(xiàn)在在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。那么‘it’在考研英語中是怎么考的呢,？
　　就這樣走走停停
　　一,、‘it’充當(dāng)形式主語
　　在考研英語中出現(xiàn)的很多句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜或者字?jǐn)?shù)很多，在這種句子有時主語會非常長,，如果按照“主語 謂語 賓語”的正常語序來書寫會出現(xiàn)“頭重腳輕”的情況,。在英語句法規(guī)則中，一般把比較長,、比較復(fù)雜的部分放在后面,，所以如果主語很長的情況下就可以用‘it’代替真正的主語放在句首，而把真正的主語部分放在賓語后面。
　　在考研英語的長難句中常見的充當(dāng)主語成分的有動名詞短語,、to do不定式短語和主語從句,，這些句子出現(xiàn)‘it’引導(dǎo)的形式主語的可能性大。在考研英語中常見的形式主語的句型就有如下幾類：
　?。?）it is adj./過去分詞 to do sth./從句（that從句常見）
　　1. Itis difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty toimagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspaper.(2010 Text 1)
　　2. If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties.(2002 Text 1)
　　3.When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend.(2001 Text 5)
　?。?）it is 動詞短語 to do sth./從句（that從句常見）
　　1.If you add to this the effects of a sonar set mounted in the small nose of a torpedo rushing through the water at speeds up to 80 miles per hour with its consequent noise and vibration, plus bullhorn vibrations from the power plant, itcan be seen that only the most advanced electronic filtering gives any chance of success.
　　（3）it is 不及物動詞 從句（that常見）
　　Thusitfollowsthatthere must be many kinds of mammals, birds, insects of which we know nothing.